Artificial intelligence is a concept that worries people from all over the world and from all times. The ancient Greeks and Egyptians represented in their myths and philosophy machines and artificial entities that have human-like qualities, especially with regard to thinking, reasoning and intelligence.
Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science concerned with the study and design of intelligent machines. The term “artificial intelligence”, which was coined at the conference held in Dartmouth in 1956, came from John McCarthy who defined it as the science of creating an intelligent machine.
Along with the development of electronic computers, in the 1940s, this field and concept known as artificial intelligence and which is concerned with creating intelligent machines that resemble humans, more precisely, that have qualities like those of a human, began to produce intelligent machines.
The disciplines involved in artificial intelligence are very diverse. Areas of knowledge such as mathematics, psychology, philosophy, logic, engineering, social sciences, cognitive science, and computer science are very important, closely interrelated, and very important when it comes to artificial intelligence. All these fields and sciences contribute to the creation of intelligent humanoid machines.
The application fields of artificial intelligence are very diverse such as robotics, soft computing, learning systems, planning, knowledge representation and inference, logic programming, natural language processing, image recognition, image understanding, computer vision, scheduling, expert systems and others.
The field of artificial intelligence has registered rapid and dizzying development since 1956, as researchers have achieved great successes in creating intelligent machines that are partially capable of doing what humans can do.
It is clear that researchers have had and continue to face many problems in simulating human intelligence. A smart machine must have a number of characteristics and must conform to some specific criteria. For example, a human being is able to solve a problem faster by using intuitive judgments rather than conscious judgments.
Another aspect heavily analyzed by the researchers is knowledge representation which refers to the knowledge about the world that intelligent machines must possess in order to solve problems such as objects or classes of objects, properties of objects, relationships between objects, relationships such as those between causes and effects, conditions, situations, etc.
Moreover, another challenge for researchers in the field of artificial intelligence refers to the fact that intelligent machines must be able to plan problems that need to be solved, set a number of goals to be achieved, to be able to make choices and predict actions, they must be able to learn, understand human languages, show emotions and be able to understand and predict the behavior of others.
Artificial intelligence is a very broad and challenging field of knowledge that raises many questions and generates many controversies, but also solves many problems that technology and industry face today and may provide many answers in the future.